Topic: Housing

Building Vibrant Communities: Municipal Government Workers Get a Boost

November 4, 2025

By Anthony Flint, November 4, 2025

 

It’s a tough time to be working in government right now—long hours, modest pay, and lots of tumult in the body politic.

While this is especially true at the moment for employees in the federal government, a new program offered by Claremont Lincoln University and the Lincoln Institute of Land Policy aims to give public employees in municipal government a boost.

Over the last year, 150 planners, community development specialists, and other professionals in municipal government have participated in the Lincoln Vibrant Communities fellowship, a 24-week curriculum combining in-person and online education, expert coaching, and advanced leadership training.

The idea is to build capacity at the local level so those professionals can have greater impact in the communities they serve, on everything from affordable housing to greenspace preservation and revitalizing Main Streets, said Stephanie Varnon-Hughes, executive dean of academic affairs at Claremont Lincoln University.

“All of us can Google or go to seminars or read texts or access knowledge on our own, but this program is about the transformative, transferable leadership skills it takes for you to use that knowledge and use that technical experience to facilitate endeavors to bring about the change that you need in your community,” she said on the latest episode of the Land Matters podcast.

“These leadership skills can be measured and modeled and sustained. We can surround you with the abilities and the resources to change the way that you move through the world and collaborate with other people working on similar issues for long-term success,” she said.

Lincoln Vibrant Communities fellows can use the training to implement some of the ideas and policy recommendations that the Lincoln Institute has developed, like setting up a community land trust (CLT) for permanently affordable housing, said Lincoln Institute President and CEO George W. “Mac” McCarthy, who joined Varnon-Hughes on the show.

“They’re the ones who find a way to find the answers in land and to manifest those answers to actually address the challenges we care about,” he said. “It’s this cadre of community problem solvers that are now all connected and networked together all across the country.”

The support is critical right now, McCarthy said, given estimates of a shortage of a half-million government workers, and amid a flurry of retirements from veteran public employees who tend to take a lot of institutional memory with them.

The Lincoln Institute has a long tradition of supporting local government, beginning in earnest in 1974, when David C. Lincoln, son of founder John C. Lincoln, established the Lincoln Institute as a stand-alone entity emerging from the original Lincoln Foundation. The organization made its mark developing computer-assisted assessment tools to help in the administration of property tax systems, and has since supported city planners, land conservation advocates, and public finance professionals experimenting with innovations such as the land value tax.

In the later stages of his philanthropic career, David Lincoln established a new model for university education, Claremont Lincoln University, a fully accredited non-profit institution offering a Bachelor of Arts in Organizational Leadership, as well as master’s degrees and graduate certificates. The guiding mission is to bridge theory and practice to mobilize leaders in the public sector.

Municipal employees engage in the Lincoln Vibrant Communities fellowship for about a six-month program in advanced leadership training and expert coaching, either as individuals or as part of teams working on projects in cities and towns and regions across the US.

McCarthy and Varnon-Hughes joined the Land Matters podcast after returning from Denver last month for a leadership summit where some of the first graduates of the program had an opportunity to share experiences and celebrate some of the first graduates of the program. Denver Mayor Mike Johnston joined the group, underscoring how technical expertise will be much needed as the city launches complex projects, such as building affordable housing on publicly owned land.

More information about Claremont Lincoln University and the Lincoln Vibrant Communities fellowship program is available at https://www.claremontlincoln.edu.

Listen to the show here or subscribe to Land Matters on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, Stitcher, YouTube, or wherever you listen to podcasts.

 


Further Reading

Bridging Theory and Plastics | Land Lines

Lincoln Institute Invests $1 Million in Scholarships for Future Leaders | Land Lines 

Denver Land Trust Fights Displacement Whether It Owns the Land or Not | Shelterforce 

New Lincoln Institute Resources Explore How Community Land Trusts Make Housing More Affordable | Land Lines

Accelerating Community Investment: Bringing New Partners to the Community Investment Ecosystem | Cityscapes

  


Anthony Flint is a senior fellow at the Lincoln Institute of Land Policy, host of the Land Matters podcast, and a contributing editor of Land Lines. 

Webinars

Highlights from the I’m HOME Manufactured Housing Industry Benchmark Report 

December 9, 2025 | 12:00 p.m. - 1:00 p.m. (EST, UTC-5)

Offered in English

The Innovations in Manufactured and Modular Homes (I’m HOME) Network at the Lincoln Institute of Land Policy will host a webinar on December 9 to unveil the latest “Manufactured Housing Industry Benchmark Report.” This annual report provides a comprehensive snapshot of progress in the manufactured housing sector and tracks how the industry is advancing homes that are durable, efficient, healthy, and affordable for millions of Americans.

This year’s report presents new data on production volumes, financing trends, and the adoption of energy-efficient and resilient construction standards. It also examines recent state and federal policy developments that are reshaping opportunities for innovation and investment across the field.

Participants will gain a clear understanding of where the industry has made measurable progress and where barriers remain. The session will explore how financing and policy innovation are supporting more equitable access to quality housing, and how the growing emphasis on energy efficiency and sustainability is influencing design, production, and long-term affordability. The conversation will also highlight opportunities for collaboration among I’m HOME Network partners working to strengthen the manufactured housing ecosystem in the year ahead.


Speakers

Kimberly Vermeer

President and Founder, Urban Habitat Initiatives


Details

Date
December 9, 2025
Time
12:00 p.m. - 1:00 p.m. (EST, UTC-5)
Registration Deadline
December 9, 2025 12:59 PM
Language
English

Register

Registration ends on December 9, 2025 12:59 PM.


Keywords

Housing, Manufactured Housing

Webinars

I’m HOME Annual Conference 2025 Recap

November 20, 2025 | 11:00 a.m. - 12:15 p.m. (EST, UTC-5)

Offered in English

Building on the energy and insights from the 2025 Innovations in Manufactured Homes (I’m HOME) Annual Conference in Atlanta, this follow-up webinar will revisit several of the conference’s most talked-about themes: the evolving state policy playbook for manufactured housing, the lessons learned from communities and practitioners in the field, and the path forward for residents of manufactured homes and land use reform. Through a series of dynamic fireside-style conversations, leaders from across the I’m HOME Network will unpack what’s next for advancing manufactured and modular housing as integral parts of the nation’s affordable housing strategy. 

The webinar will create space for both policy discussion and practical takeaways. Panelists including David SanchezRyan SearsKahya FoxJeanee Wright, and Grant Beck will reflect on how states and networks are responding to rising housing demand, regulatory barriers, and opportunities for innovation. 

This webinar is designed for anyone interested in manufactured housing, from homeowners and policymakers, to lenders, realtors and researchers working to improve housing access, stability, affordability, and sustainability.  


Details

Date
November 20, 2025
Time
11:00 a.m. - 12:15 p.m. (EST, UTC-5)
Registration Deadline
November 20, 2025 12:14 PM
Language
English

Register

Registration ends on November 20, 2025 12:14 PM.


Keywords

Housing

A man and woman stand on the porch of a manufactured home. The home is light blue with white trim and a peaked roof. Two large bushes stand in the foreground.

Manufactured Housing at a Crossroads

By Daniel Janzow, October 17, 2025

This fall in Atlanta, policymakers, lenders, and practitioners gathered with housing advocates, homeowners, developers, and researchers for the twentieth anniversary of the Innovations in Manufactured Housing (I’m HOME) Network conference. What began two decades ago as an experiment in reframing manufactured housing—from a problem to be eliminated into a solution to be scaled—has matured into one of the most diverse and influential gatherings in the housing field. The conference reflected how far manufactured housing has come and set the stage for the immense work that needs to be done to address the affordability crisis in the housing sector.

After days of critical discussion on concrete steps that can be taken to advance affordable and attainable housing solutions through off-site built housing, one resounding message emerged: manufactured housing is “just housing.” While it has long been stigmatized, 22 million people in the United States live in manufactured housing, and it now stands at the center of conversations about how to address the nation’s affordability crisis. However, policy and regulatory barriers to greater usage, often rooted in outdated myths, remain.  

Owners of manufactured homes spoke candidly about the challenges of converting titles from personal property—a category often used for manufactured housing that is more akin to a vehicle than a house—to real estate, a bureaucratic hurdle that locks too many into costly, less-protected financing. Advocates highlighted how community loan funds in places like New Hampshire have created a path to mortgages and loans for home improvement, leading to housing and community stability. Researchers pointed out that as real estate market assessments have climbed, manufactured homeowners face the same tax pressures as their site-built neighbors—a reminder that manufactured housing owners are navigating the same housing market, only with fewer protections and options. 

What is clear, participants agreed, is that the value proposition of manufactured housing has never been stronger. Manufactured housing remains one of the few naturally occurring sources of affordable housing. The homes themselves have changed: new models are more energy efficient, climate resilient, and designed with the same durability as their traditional counterparts. Manufactured homes are capable of being produced at a cost that site-built homes cannot match. According to the US Census Bureau manufactured homes can be built for a fraction of the cost of site-built homes, about $85 per square foot compared to $167, offering 30–50 percent savings and making them one of the most efficient sources of unsubsidized affordable housing in the country. Community preservation strategies such as Right of First Refusal laws have showed that resident ownership of mobile home communities can stabilize neighborhoods and protect affordability, while new financing products from Fannie Mae and others point toward more inclusive mortgage markets. 

The Urban Institute has documented the wealth-building potential of manufactured homes when titled as real estate, while Pew Charitable Trusts has shed light on the risks facing the half-million families who turn to contracts for deed or rent-to-own arrangements, often without the consumer protections that mortgages provide. Both research and the lived experience converge to show that manufactured housing works, but its promise will only be realized with more consistent policy and financing support. 

As our future Manufactured Housing Industry Benchmark will show, six manufactured housing factories closed in 2024, even as demand for homes grew. Production must expand just as preservation efforts intensify, and financing must adapt to reach buyers who are otherwise steered into predatory alternatives. Off-site housing has always been about more than homes; it is about gentle density, resilient communities, and a pathway into ownership. Given the urgency of the affordability crisis, the time has come for the broader housing field to embrace manufactured housing as a cornerstone rather than a sideline. 

No Time Like the Present 

Momentum is building in Washington. The recently introduced Bipartisan Road to Housing Act reflects a new federal willingness to consider factory-built housing as part of the affordability solution. Provisions in that bill that would streamline environmental reviews, encourage local zoning reforms, and develop model codes all point toward easier entry for manufactured homes in places where they are desperately needed. The bill could also unlock new financing streams, though gaps remain, notably the absence of any mention of CDFIs, which have proven to be vital intermediaries in serving lower-income buyers. Even as federal policy opens doors, participants in Atlanta underscored that the real work still happens locally. Zoning ordinances, community acceptance, and financing practices at the ground level will determine whether manufactured housing expands or stalls. 

Looking ahead, off-site construction is poised to play an important role. Modular homes—which also begin in factories, but are not built on a chassis like manufactured homes—can meet missing-middle demand, provide urban infill solutions, and normalize factory-built housing for policymakers and consumers alike. For the Lincoln Institute of Land Policy, which has long invested in the innovations that make manufactured housing a viable part of the affordable housing ecosystem, the next step is clear: modular housing must be part of the I’m HOME Network. By linking modular with manufactured, the field can move beyond old distinctions and work toward a shared goal: housing that is affordable, resilient, and accessible to all. 

The story of manufactured housing has always been one of persistence against stigma, financing gaps, and policy neglect. But the I’m HOME 2025 conference showed that it is also a story of resilience, innovation, and community. With the right mix of research, policy change, and coalition building, the next twenty years can ensure that manufactured and modular housing are recognized as central pillars of the American housing system. 


Daniel Janzow is a policy analyst at the Lincoln Institute of Land Policy.

Lead image: Manufactured home owners in Vancouver, Washington. Credit: timnewman via E+/Getty Images.

Requests for Proposals

Building for the Future: Research on Modernizing Building Codes to Advance Housing Affordability and Climate Resilience

Submission Deadline: November 12, 2025 at 11:59 PM

Building codes and standards are critical levers for shaping housing supply, safety, and resilience. Yet they remain less studied than other land use and housing policies.

The Lincoln Institute invites proposals for applied research on how modernizing, aligning, and improving the adoption and enforcement of building codes and standards can address two of the nation’s most pressing challenges: the shortage of affordable housing and the growing risks of climate change and natural hazards. We seek research that examines how codes and standards influence housing supply, quality, and affordability; resilience to climate-related risks; governance and enforcement; and equity for vulnerable communities. This request for proposals (RFP) will support short-term projects that produce actionable evidence for policymakers, practitioners, and advocates. Awards will range from $20,000 to $50,000 for one year.

This RFP is open to researchers and research teams based at universities, nonprofit organizations (including think tanks and advocacy organizations), or other entities that produce relevant, rigorous, and independent research on this topic.

The application form will open on October 8, 2025, and the deadline to submit a proposal is November 12, 2025, 11:59 p.m., ET. Awards will be announced by December 10, 2025, via email.


Details

Submission Deadline
November 12, 2025 at 11:59 PM

Keywords

Housing

A inspiração fiscal que vem de São Paulo

Por Jon Gorey, August 2, 2025

Em São Paulo, encravado entre arranha-céus de escritórios, lojas de luxo e hotéis sofisticados do bairro Vila Olímpia, está um conjunto habitacional de interesse social com 272 unidades. Construído no local da antiga favela Coliseu, o edifício de condomínio residencial não é apenas um novo e mais seguro lar para centenas de famílias de baixa renda que viveram na ocupação informal por décadas, enfrentando incêndios, enchentes e ratos. Segundo os defensores, essa iniciativa prova que o investimento em um bairro não precisa causar o deslocamento de seus moradores e que é possível construir moradias populares mesmo nas áreas mais valorizadas de uma cidade.

Em março, o Lincoln Institute of Land Policy convidou um grupo diverso de pesquisadores e profissionais de diferentes países para participar de uma excursão de estudo de quatro dias junto a membros da sua equipe. Combinando aulas teóricas e visitas a campo, o estudo permitiu que os participantes conhecessem de perto esse exemplo bem conhecido de captura do valor da terra. Também conhecida como retorno do valor da terra, a captura do valor da terra diz respeito a um conjunto de políticas que permite à comunidade recuperar e reinvestir o aumento do valor da terra decorrente de investimentos públicos ou outras ações governamentais, como a construção de uma nova estação de transporte ou mudanças nas normas de zoneamento.

“Em São Paulo, temos pelo menos dois exemplos importantes de favelas que foram melhoradas em áreas em que o valor da terra é muito alto”, explica Paulo Sandroni, economista que desenvolveu o curso junto com a urbanista Camila Maleronka. “Nossa ideia foi explicar e apresentar às pessoas os instrumentos que utilizamos, primeiro, para capturar o incremento do valor da terra, e segundo, para manter as pessoas que viviam nas favelas no mesmo lugar em que estavam, mas agora em apartamentos muito bons”.

O processo funciona assim: a cidade escolhe uma área para receber alguma intervenção pública como parte de uma “Operação Urbana”. Incorporadores que desejam construir edificações maiores do que o permitido naquela zona podem comprar Certificados de Potencial Adicional de Construção, ou CEPACs, que são vendidos na bolsa de valores, o que significa que o setor privado acaba definindo seu preço. A receita gerada com esses leilões de CEPACs financia obras públicas e habitação social no mesmo bairro.

Mas o fato de ser possível capturar e reinvestir o aumento do valor da terra em habitação social não significa que isso aconteça automaticamente, especialmente em bairros de alto valor imobiliário. “A comunidade do Coliseu teve que lutar contra muitas adversidades e diversas forças de incorporadores e vizinhos que não queriam que eles permanecessem ali, incluindo algumas pessoas da própria administração”, diz Sandroni. “Mas as lideranças desse movimento disseram: ‘Temos o direito de estar aqui. A legislação nos deu as ferramentas para permanecermos aqui, e há recursos para construir esses prédios’. Foi um exemplo maravilhoso de desenvolvimento urbano inclusivo”.

Moradora do Coliseu com a chave da sua casa nova. Crédito: Marcelo Pereira/SECOM via Cidade de São Paulo.

As ferramentas de captura de valor em São Paulo já foram tema de muitos estudos de caso, mas ver os resultados de perto, no local, ajudou a dar vida ao conceito para muitos dos participantes, vindos de organizações como a Organização para a Cooperação e Desenvolvimento Econômico (OECD), o Banco Europeu para a Reconstrução e o Desenvolvimento (BERD) e o Centre for Affordable Housing Finance in Africa, entre outros.

“Fiquei realmente impressionada com o que vi em São Paul”, disse Line Algoed, antropóloga urbana da Vrije Universiteit Brussel. “Eu conhecia o conceito de captura do valor da terra, mas nunca tinha visto os resultados pessoalmente. Eu não conhecia os CEPACs nem os outros instrumentos usados em São Paulo. Isso coloca a cidade na vanguarda do urbanismo inovado”.

Os resultados em São Paulo não foram perfeitos, acrescentou Algoed, “mas é muito positivo ver que o governo local está tentando mitigar as consequências da especulação imobiliária desenfreada”.

Hiro Ito participou do curso movido pela curiosidade sobre mecanismos financeiros que possam ajudar as cidades a financiarem infraestruturas voltadas ao enfrentamento das mudanças climáticas. Ito é gerente de programa do Green City Action Plan do BERD, onde trabalha com governos municipais para identificar investimentos e políticas capazes de prepará-los para desafios ambientais e para as mudanças climáticas. “Já desenvolvemos planos de ação com 47 cidades”, disse Ito. “Mas muitas dessas ações, especialmente as relacionadas à natureza ou à adaptação climática, acabam não sendo implementadas”, muitas vezes por falta de financiamento.

“Soluções baseadas na natureza, proteção contra enchentes, mitigação do efeito de ilha de calor urbana, esses projetos, tradicionalmente, não geram receita”, explicou Ito. “Espero que esse tipo de ferramenta seja uma nova forma de fortalecer as finanças municipais para que cidades ao redor do mundo possam fazer muito mais nesses espaços”.

Durante uma caminhada que incluiu tanto o edifício Coliseu quanto a icônica ponte Octavio Frias de Oliveira, Ito ficou impressionado com a escala e o alcance dos investimentos da cidade e se perguntou se uma ferramenta de captura do valor da terra semelhante poderia funcionar em Ancara, na Turquia, onde o BERD está ajudando a financiar a construção de uma nova linha de metrô. Logo após a viagem, Ito e seus colegas começaram a estudar “como poderíamos, potencialmente, implementar um instrumento de financiamento baseado na terra para a Prefeitura Metropolitana de Ancar”, disse ele, já que há diversos terrenos públicos nas proximidades que poderiam ser desenvolvidos. “Será que poderíamos introduzir mecanismos como os CEPACs para arrecadar recursos a partir desse processo de reurbanização? No fim das contas, o objetivo é cobrir os custos das extensões do metrô, mas esses espaços de regeneração urbana também poderiam incorporar benefícios sociais e ambientais”.

Participantes da excursão de estudo do Lincoln Institute em São Paulo ouvem a líder comunitária do Coliseu, Rosana Maria dos Santos. Crédito: Lincoln Institute.

Ito valorizou o fato de os instrutores do curso, Sandroni e Maleronka, também terem apresentado as limitações, fragilidades e desafios da abordagem adotada em São Paulo. Ele reconhece que o sucesso de uma iniciativa semelhante depende de certas condições.

“Estamos testando isso na Turquia, porque a população urbana está crescendo, então há uma forte demanda por mais moradias e faz sentido para alguns incorporadores comprarem direitos adicionais”, disse Ito. “Mas nem todos os países em que o BERD atua têm essa mesma tendência demográfica”, ele acrescentou, observando que os mercados imobiliários de cidades menores da Bulgária ou da Romênia, por exemplo, podem não ser fortes o suficiente para sustentar um modelo de financiamento baseado na valorização da terra. “Mas gostamos muito da ideia de uma abordagem baseada no mercado para definir o preço… Acho que foi uma forma muito inteligente de aproveitar ao máximo o espaço”.

O que mais marcou Kecia Rust, fundadora e diretora executiva do Centre for Affordable Housing Finance in Africa, foi a ideia de que o direito de construir no espaço aéreo é um bem público.

“A abordagem geral que tornou possível o investimento no Coliseu e em outros projetos de habitação social, assim como a entrega da icônica ponte de São Paulo, do monotrilho, das vias, ciclovias e de outras obras públicas, é oriunda de uma filosofia fundamental de que o direito à propriedade privada pode se estender em termos de longitude e latitude, mas não em altura”, escreveu Rust em uma postagem no blog refletindo sobre o curso. “Os direitos de construir no espaço aéreo são um bem público, que o setor público vende para gerar receita e investir em obras públicas e habitação social”, continuou ela. “A cidade não precisa se endividar quando investe na construção de vias, pontes e moradias sociais”.

“Acho que o grande desafio que enfrentamos no contexto africano é que não temos, de fato, os dados nem a capacidade de gestão no nível das cidades locais para fazer algo da magnitude do que vimos sendo feito em São Paulo”, disse Rust. “Mas o que vi e compreendi foi muito inspirador”.

Vários membros da equipe do Lincoln Institute também participaram do curso. Muitos deles, fora da equipe da América Latina, nunca haviam tido a oportunidade de ver presencialmente esse importante exemplo global de captura do valor da terra. “Essa ideia de desenvolvimento sem deslocamento, de como proteger ou reduzir os riscos de remoção forçada quando se investe em comunidades, esse é um tema central em muito do que fazemos no instituto”, diz Enrique Silva, diretor de programas do Lincoln Institute. Silva fez questão de convidar integrantes de diferentes áreas da organização: “Essa ideia de aprender juntos, de compartilhar, aprender e trocar experiências, é algo que eu adoraria ver acontecer com mais frequência”.


Jon Gorey é redator da equipe do Lincoln Institute of Land Policy. 

Imagem principal: O conjunto habitacional social Coliseu, com 272 unidades, cercado pelos prédios mais altos do bairro Vila Olímpia em São Paulo, é um exemplo de captura do valor da terra. Crédito: Cidade de São Paulo.

Coming to Terms with Density: An Urban Planning Concept in the Spotlight 

September 15, 2025

By Anthony Flint, September 15, 2025
 

It’s an urban planning concept that sounds extra wonky, but it is critical in any discussion of affordable housing, land use, and real estate development: density.

In this episode of the Land Matters podcast, two practitioners in architecture and urban design shed some light on what density is all about, on the ground, in cities and towns trying to add more housing supply. 

The occasion is the revival of a Lincoln Institute resource called Visualizing Density, which was pushed live this month at lincolninst.edu after extensive renovations and updates. It’s a visual guide to density based on a library of aerial images of buildings, blocks, and neighborhoods taken by photographer Alex Maclean, originally published (and still available) as a book by Julie Campoli. 

It’s a very timely clearinghouse, as communities across the country work to address affordable housing, primarily by reforming zoning and land use regulations to allow more multifamily housing development—generally less pricey than the detached single-family homes that have dominated the landscape. 

Residential density is understood to be the number of homes within a defined area of land, in the US most often expressed as dwelling units per acre. A typical suburban single-family subdivision might be just two units per acre; a more urban neighborhood, like Boston’s Back Bay, has a density of about 60 units per acre. 

Demographic trends suggest that future homeowners and renters will prefer greater density in the form of multifamily housing and mixed-use development, said David Dixon, a vice president at Stantec, a global professional services firm providing sustainable engineering, architecture, and environmental consulting services. Over the next 20 years, the vast majority of households will continue to be professionals without kids, he said, and will not be interested in big detached single-family homes.  

Instead they seek “places to walk to, places to find amenity, places to run into friends, places to enjoy community,” he said. “The number one correlation that you find for folks under the age of 35, which is when most of us move for a job, is not wanting to be auto-dependent. They are flocking to the same mixed-use, walkable, higher-density, amenitized, community-rich places that the housing market wants to build … Demand and imperative have come together. It’s a perfect storm to support density going forward.” 

Tensions often arise, however, when new, higher density is proposed for existing neighborhoods, on vacant lots or other redevelopment sites. Tim Love, principal and founder of the architecture firm Utile, and a professor at Harvard University’s Graduate School of Design, said he’s seen the wariness from established residents as he helps cities and towns comply with the MBTA Communities Act, a Massachusetts state law that requires districts near transit stations with an allowable density of 15 units per acre. 

Some towns have rebelled against the law, which is one of several state zoning reform initiatives across the US designed to increase housing supply, ultimately to help bring prices down. 

Many neighbors are skeptical because they associate multifamily density with large apartment buildings of 100 or 200 units, Love said. But most don’t realize there is an array of so-called “gentle density” development opportunities for buildings of 12 to 20 units, that have the potential to blend in more seamlessly with many streetscapes. 

“If we look at the logic of the real estate market, discovering over the last 15, 20 years that the corridor-accessed apartment building at 120 and 200 units-plus optimizes the building code to maximize returns, there is a smaller ‘missing middle’ type that I’ve become maybe a little bit obsessed about, which is the 12-unit single-stair building,” said Love, who conducted a geospatial analysis that revealed 5,000 sites in the Boston area that were perfect for a 12-unit building. 

“Five thousand times twelve is a lot of housing,” Love said. “If we came up with 5,000 sites within walking distance of a transit stop, that’s a pretty good story to get out and a good place to start.” 

Another dilemma of density is that while big increases in multifamily housing supply theoretically should have a downward impact on prices, many individual dense development projects in hot housing markets are often quite expensive. Dixon, who is currently writing a book about density and Main Streets, said the way to combat gentrification associated with density is to require a portion of units to be affordable, and to capture increases in the value of urban land to create more affordability. 

“If we have policies in place so that value doesn’t all go to the [owners of the] underlying land and we can tap those premiums, that is a way to finance affordable housing,” he said. “In other words, when we use density to create places that are more valuable because they can be walkable, mixed-use, lively, community-rich, amenitized, all these good things, we … owe it to ourselves to tap some of that value to create affordability so that everybody can live there.” 

Visualizing Density can be found at the Lincoln Institute website at https://www.lincolninst.edu/data/visualizing-density/. 

Listen to the show here or subscribe to Land Matters on  Apple Podcasts, Spotify,  Stitcher, YouTube, or wherever you listen to podcasts.

 


Further reading 

Visualizing Density | Lincoln Institute

What Does 15 Units Per Acre Look Like? A StoryMap Exploring Street-Level Density | Land Lines

Why We Need Walkable Density for Cities to Thrive | Public Square

The Density Conundrum: Bringing the 15-Minute City to Texas | Urban Land

The Density Dilemma: Appeal and Obstacles for Compact and Transit Oriented Development | Anthony Flint

 


Anthony Flint is a senior fellow at the Lincoln Institute of Land Policy, host of the Land Matters podcast, and a contributing editor of Land Lines. 

Photo of the exterior of a row of buildings on a street in the Back Bay neighborhood of Boston.

Lincoln Institute Unveils Updated Visualizing Density Database

By Kristina McGeehan, September 16, 2025

The Lincoln Institute of Land Policy launched an updated iteration of Visualizing Density, a database containing hundreds of aerial photographs of neighborhoods each measured by housing density in units per acre. Intended for planners, designers, public officials, policymakers, practitioners, journalists, and citizens, the tool helps communities manage misperceptions about density as they consider residential development. By illustrating, for example, what four units per acre looks like, compared to greater or lesser concentrations of housing, the tool helps users envision more realistically how different degrees of density will fit into the context of their cities and towns. 

As communities across the country work to address affordable housing, a common tactic has been to reform local zoning to allow more multi-family housing development, particularly at infill locations and near transit. That increase in housing supply, including four-plexes or so-called “missing middle” complexes of 20 units per acre or more, is by definition more dense than the single-family homes that have dominated the landscape. The public understanding of greater density in this context has become a central flashpoint in the effort to create more affordable housing.

CAMBRIDGE, MA – Despite wariness by established neighborhood residents, higher density development that is well-designed can fit in with the character of many neighborhoods, and has been the historic development pattern in many places for more than a century, the website shows. Visualizing Density also explains how higher density can improve the health of communities by saving land, conserving energy, and decreasing costs. 

“Visualizing Density is an extremely helpful tool to inform planning development for a community, especially with the intention of improving affordability,” said George W. McCarthy, president and CEO of the Lincoln Institute of Land Policy. 

The database includes links to relevant resources, including interactive storymaps, case studies, and articles, as well as a link to the 2007 book Visualizing Density by Julie Campoli and Alex MacLean, which this subcenter was originally based upon.

Explore the Visualizing Density database.

Course

Gestión del Suelo para la Vivienda Social Integrada

October 27, 2025 - December 14, 2025

Online

Offered in Spanish


El curso aborda un problema compartido por muchas ciudades: la separación de los más pobres en barrios alejados y con menos oportunidades frente al cual hay alternativas de política pública. Comprenderemos la segregación, los factores que la causan, sus efectos nocivos y las oportunidades que ofrecen las políticas de suelo para la vivienda social integrada. Exploraremos ideas comunes pero equivocadas, tales como pensar que solo la vivienda formal merece atención, o creer que mezclar distintos grupos sociales siempre desvaloriza las propiedades. También conoceremos como los ciudadanos, empresas y gobierno pueden participar en políticas de vivienda qué promuevan la integración social a través de ejemplos de diversos países y locales.

Relevancia:

Las políticas tradicionales de vivienda social restan importancia a la segregación y privilegian exclusivamente el acceso a la vivienda formal. Sin embargo, la segregación espacial reduce las oportunidades de familias y grupos vulnerables, y suele agravar problemas sociales como la violencia, la deserción escolar y el tráfico de drogas. Una buena localización trae oportunidades, mientras que una mala conlleva obstáculos. Ambas suelen ser el resultado de distintas acciones y políticas públicas, por lo que estudiar y conocer la importancia que tiene una localización no segregada puede ser crucial para mejorar las políticas de suelo y de vivienda social.

La fecha límite para postular es el 12 de octubre de 2025.

Ver detalles de la convocatoria.


Details

Date
October 27, 2025 - December 14, 2025
Application Deadline
October 12, 2025 at 11:59 PM
Location
Online
Language
Spanish

Keywords

Housing, Inequality, Poverty