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Targeted Equity Investments are Legal and Essential to Reach Many Underserved Markets

In the statute establishing Duty to Serve (“DTS”) in 2009, Congress identified “grants and investments” as one of four explicit criteria that the Federal Housing Finance Agency must use in evaluating Enterprise DTS performance, along with outreach, loan product development, and loan purchases. By including investments as one of four statutory DTS evaluation factors, Congress has clearly affirmed that the Enterprises have the authority to make targeted DTS equity investments (12 U.S.C. § 4565(d)(2)(D) 2020). Nevertheless, our understanding is that under the current reading of the statute by FHFA’s general counsel, the Enterprises are prohibited from making targeted equity investments (TEIs). We believe FHFA has the authority to also permit TEIs as part of an Equitable Housing Finance Plan.

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Housing

In the statute establishing Duty to Serve (“DTS”) in 2009, Congress identified “grants and investments” as one of four explicit criteria that the Federal Housing Finance Agency must use in evaluating Enterprise DTS performance, along with outreach, loan product development, and loan purchases. By including investments as one of four statutory DTS evaluation factors, Congress has clearly affirmed that the Enterprises have the authority to make targeted DTS equity investments (12 U.S.C. § 4565(d)(2)(D) 2020). Nevertheless, our understanding is that under the current reading of the statute by FHFA’s general counsel, the Enterprises are prohibited from making targeted equity investments (TEIs). We believe FHFA has the authority to also permit TEIs as part of an Equitable Housing Finance Plan.

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Housing

Behavioral Finance of Impact Investing

Eric Hangen and Michael Swack

Center for Impact Finance

April 2020, English

Donor-advised funds present a unique opportunity to promote impact investing into the local community, including Community Development Financial Institutions that serve their local communities.

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Economic Development

April 2020, English

Donor-advised funds present a unique opportunity to promote impact investing into the local community, including Community Development Financial Institutions that serve their local communities.

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Economic Development

CDFIs Can Make the SBA PPP Loan Program Work for Smaller, Minority-Owned, and Women-Owned, Small Businesses

Eric Hangen and Michael Swack

Center for Impact Finance

April 2020, English

As currently being implemented by the Small Business Administration, the loans made available through the $349 billion Paycheck Protection Program, part of the CARES Act recently enacted to address the COVID-19 crisis, are likely to significantly bypass smaller small businesses and those that are minority- or women-owned.

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Economic Development, Poverty and Inequality

April 2020, English

As currently being implemented by the Small Business Administration, the loans made available through the $349 billion Paycheck Protection Program, part of the CARES Act recently enacted to address the COVID-19 crisis, are likely to significantly bypass smaller small businesses and those that are minority- or women-owned.

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Economic Development, Poverty and Inequality

2019 FIR Summary

Aligning Capital, Training, and Economic Mobility

Center for Impact Finance

April 2019, English

The 2019 FIR, co-hosted by the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta on April 24-25, focused on “Aligning Capital, Training, and Economic Mobility.”

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Economic Development

April 2019, English

The 2019 FIR, co-hosted by the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta on April 24-25, focused on “Aligning Capital, Training, and Economic Mobility.”

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Economic Development

The Potential Role For CDFIs in the Opportunity Zones of the Investing in Opportunities Act (IIOA)

Charles Tansey and Michael Swack

Center for Impact Finance

March 2019, English

The Opportunity Zones legislation was designed to mobilize new levels of capital into low- and moderate-income (LMI) communities – areas that have historically been overlooked and underserved by mainstream capital markets. As longstanding financial partners to LMI communities, Community Development Financial Institutions (CDFIs), it would seem, are positioned to play a pivotal role.

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Economic Development, Poverty and Inequality

March 2019, English

The Opportunity Zones legislation was designed to mobilize new levels of capital into low- and moderate-income (LMI) communities – areas that have historically been overlooked and underserved by mainstream capital markets. As longstanding financial partners to LMI communities, Community Development Financial Institutions (CDFIs), it would seem, are positioned to play a pivotal role.

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Economic Development, Poverty and Inequality

Incorporating Land Use Planning into Water Efficiency Plans

State of Colorado Water Efficiency Plan Guidance Addendum

Getches-Wilkinson Center for Natural Resources, Energy, and the Environment at the University of Colorado Law School and the Lincoln Institute of Land Policy

January 2019, English

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Water

January 2019, English

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Water

2018 FIR Summary

Financial Innovations to Improve Economic Resiliency in Rural Communities

Center for Impact Finance

March 2018, English

The 2018 Financial Innovations Roundtable was entitled “Financial Innovations to Improve Economic Resiliency in Rural Communities”, and brought together impact investors and community development practitioners to explore the barriers and opportunities for how mission-based financial institutions can support rural communities.

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Economic Development

March 2018, English

The 2018 Financial Innovations Roundtable was entitled “Financial Innovations to Improve Economic Resiliency in Rural Communities”, and brought together impact investors and community development practitioners to explore the barriers and opportunities for how mission-based financial institutions can support rural communities.

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Economic Development

Carsey Perspectives: Innovative Financing for Community Businesses

Eric Hangen

Center for Impact Finance

October 2017, English

Business owners seeking to start or expand a small business have limited options for financing. They can go to a bank for a loan, but they may have trouble qualifying for the loan due to the age of the business, absence of collateral, lack of equity in the business, thin margins, or other factors.

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Economic Development

October 2017, English

Business owners seeking to start or expand a small business have limited options for financing. They can go to a bank for a loan, but they may have trouble qualifying for the loan due to the age of the business, absence of collateral, lack of equity in the business, thin margins, or other factors.

Resource

Economic Development

2017 FIR Summary

Donor Advised Funds as Investors in US Community Development

Center for Impact Finance

March 2017, English

This year’s Roundtable brought together impact investors and community development practitioners to explore the barriers and opportunities to involving donor advised funds as investors in community development

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Economic Development

March 2017, English

This year’s Roundtable brought together impact investors and community development practitioners to explore the barriers and opportunities to involving donor advised funds as investors in community development

Resource

Economic Development