Topic: urbanización

A(lguien lo) D(iseñó para) U(sted)

Por Jon Gorey, Abril 16, 2026

Los Estados Unidos enfrentan una grave escasez de viviendas asequibles: existe una necesidad urgente de millones de hogares adicionales. Pero lo que agrava esa escasez de viviendas es un desajuste habitacional.

Resulta abrumador saber que, en gran parte de los EUA, los barrios residenciales existentes, es decir, los lugares que la mayoría elige para vivir por la cercanía a sus trabajos, amigos y familiares, y por contar con servicios públicos, transporte público y otras infraestructuras, están compuestos, de manera casi exclusiva, por viviendas unifamiliares.

Si bien una casa de estilo colonial con cuatro dormitorios y un patio grande puede tener sentido para una familia de altos ingresos compuesta por cinco personas, no debería ser la única opción de vivienda disponible en una comunidad, dada la caleidoscópica diversidad de los hogares, que van desde personas mayores hasta adultos jóvenes y padres solteros.

“Tendremos más personas mayores de 65 años que menores de 18 años en la próxima década”, comenta Rodney Harrell, vicepresidente de Familia, Hogar y Comunidad de la Asociación Estadounidense de Personas Jubiladas (AARP, por su sigla en inglés). La organización tiene una larga historia de abogar por mejores condiciones y opciones de vivienda para los adultos mayores. “Las personas quieren estar cerca de tiendas de comestibles, parques, bibliotecas, medios de transporte y otras opciones que los hagan sentir conectados. Pero uno de los desafíos es que quieren quedarse en sus barrios existentes y no hay suficientes opciones”.

Sin embargo, agregar nuevas opciones de vivienda a las comunidades existentes suele provocar quejas sobre los cambios en el carácter del barrio. Esta frase cargada puede incluir actitudes excluyentes y argumentos de mala fe dentro de su amplia ambigüedad, pero también puede ser una respuesta a decisiones de desarrollo cuestionables. Es comprensible que un propietario en un barrio de bungalós artesanales de principios del siglo pasado se sienta desanimado por la idea de un nuevo y elegante edificio de acero y hormigón de siete pisos en la esquina.

Y allí es donde radica el atractivo de la humilde unidad de vivienda accesoria, o ADU, más conocida coloquialmente como departamento para suegros, cochera, suite secundaria o casita, entre otros alias.

Al convertir un garaje, ático o sótano en un departamento independiente, o agregar una pequeña cabaña a un patio trasero, los propietarios pueden crear un espacio adicional para los miembros de la familia o una pequeña propiedad de alquiler que ayude a generar ingresos. Al mismo tiempo, ayudan a aumentar la oferta de opciones de vivienda asequible y accesible en el barrio, sin tener consecuencias drásticas en la estética local. Y facilitar esta posibilidad para los propietarios puede ayudar a las comunidades de todo el mundo a analizar la crisis habitacional local y nacional.

Durante la última década, muchas ciudades y algunos estados flexibilizaron las restricciones que existían desde hace décadas respecto de las ADU. California, por ejemplo, legalizó las ADU en todos los lotes unifamiliares en 2017; unos años más tarde, en 2023, las casi 27.000 ADU permitidas en todo el estado representaron un aumento de 20 veces con respecto a 2016 y más del 20 por ciento de todas las nuevas viviendas autorizadas. En 2024, se otorgaron permisos para más de 6.000 ADU solo en Los Ángeles.

Estas cifras no resultan suficientes para resolver por sí solas la crisis habitacional en California: ninguna medida aislada puede hacerlo. Pero es, sin dudas, una pieza del rompecabezas y una solución que muchas comunidades pueden respaldar.

Aun así, legalizar la construcción de una ADU es solo el primer paso. Facilitar la construcción es otro, y las ciudades pueden ayudar a darlo al eliminar las barreras innecesarias.

Por ejemplo, para fomentar y acelerar la adopción de las ADU, muchas ciudades de los EUA y Canadá comenzaron a ofrecer a los residentes acceso a planos preaprobados para ADU independientes, es decir, esquemas técnicos completos ya revisados por funcionarios de la construcción.

“Es posible que el sistema vaya un poco en contra del propietario local que desea poder hacer esto”, indica Harrell. Entre las revisiones del sitio, los planos de servicios públicos y las aprobaciones arquitectónicas, “son tantas cuestiones por superar y que uno está haciendo por primera vez”, agrega. “Tener estos diseños preaprobados elimina una de esas barreras. Sería algo así como: ‘No necesita ser diseñador ni tener suficiente dinero para contratar a uno. Aquí hay algunos diseños que pueden funcionar’”.

Planos preaprobados de ADU en California

Los Ángeles ofrece a los residentes un creciente catálogo de planes preaprobados de ADU, incluido un plan arquitectónico estándar de un dormitorio solicitado por la ciudad, que se denomina YOU-ADU (en la foto), que cualquier residente de Los Ángeles puede usar de forma gratuita.

También existen docenas de otros planos preaprobados, pero requieren que se pague una modesta tarifa de licencia a los respectivos arquitectos, que también pueden contratarse para consultas específicas del sitio.

Si bien un plano preaprobado de ADU ya cumple con ciertos códigos de la ciudad (por ejemplo, regulaciones de construcción, incendios y energía) y, por lo tanto, puede avanzar a través del proceso de verificación y permisos con mayor rapidez que un diseño personalizado, un propietario no puede solo instalar una ADU en el patio trasero sin más preguntas. Sigue siendo necesario conseguir las aprobaciones específicas del sitio, como el uso de suelo o las revisiones de aguas pluviales.

Pero usar un plano preaprobado puede acortar el proceso semanas o incluso meses, y ofrece más previsibilidad a los propietarios de viviendas y los funcionarios locales. La eficiencia de un diseño estándar también puede generar ahorros de costos.

“Los planos personalizados no solo requieren más tiempo y dinero, sino que resulta mucho más complejo cumplirlos en el sitio”, comenta Whitney Hill, cofundadora y directora ejecutiva de SnapADU en el sur de California, donde varias ciudades cerca de San Diego seleccionaron sus planos de diseño estándar para la preaprobación.

Todos estos factores aumentan los precios, agrega, y señala que, en general, la construcción de una ADU totalmente personalizada cuesta de USD 30.000 a USD 50.000 más que una estándar del mismo tamaño y cantidad de camas y baños. “Por otro lado, los planos que construimos con anterioridad ya se pusieron a prueba frente a las limitaciones del mundo real; sabemos que podemos construirlos de manera eficiente”.

Hill comenta que la obtención más rápida de permisos con diseños estándar también puede traducirse en costos más bajos. “Construir una ADU en 12 meses en comparación con 18 meses es mucho más económico desde una perspectiva de costos generales para nosotros”, indica. “Compartimos esos ahorros con el propietario”.

Incluso cuando se utiliza un plano preaprobado, los propietarios deben estar preparados para los costos y el trabajo específicos del sitio, señala. “Es fundamental comprender la topografía del sitio, las ubicaciones de los servicios públicos existentes y las cargas existentes sobre esos servicios públicos”, indica. Algunos proyectos pueden necesitar mejoras en el servicio de agua para incluir un baño adicional, por ejemplo, o un panel eléctrico mejorado, lo que puede ser costoso.

Pero uno de los mayores beneficios de usar un diseño estándar, según Hill, es la previsibilidad. “Los costos de construcción de un plano de planta existente están disponibles incluso antes de que inicie su propio proyecto”, explica Hill, “[lo cual] es ideal para los propietarios que tienen que ceñirse a un presupuesto específico”.

El ADUniverso de Seattle

Si bien el estado de Washington aprobó recientemente una legislación que exige que las ciudades permitan cuatro viviendas en todos los lotes residenciales (y seis unidades cerca de centros de transporte público), Seattle comenzó a adoptar las ADU hace más de una década, para lo cual flexibilizó algunas restricciones locales que se interponían, como el tamaño mínimo de los lotes.

“Ese fue un primer paso importante y viable, porque la ciudad ejerce el mayor control en las regulaciones del uso de suelo”, comenta Nicolas Welch, planificador sénior de la Oficina de Planificación y Desarrollo Comunitario de Seattle.

Aun así, la mayoría de los propietarios tienen poca o ninguna experiencia con el desarrollo de viviendas, por lo que la idea de contratar a un arquitecto y solicitar permisos para construir una casa de campo en el patio trasero puede ser abrumadora, incluso antes de pensar en el alto costo que implica. Seattle pronto decidió que debería hacer más que simplemente mejorar sus regulaciones y, en 2020, creó un sitio web repleto de recursos llamado ADUniverse.

“El sitio se creó para proporcionar todos los recursos que un propietario podría necesitar en un solo lugar con información de mejor calidad y más clara para las personas que básicamente están tratando de emprender la construcción por primera vez, sin ningún tipo de experiencia”, indica Welch. “Una parte de ello era ofrecer algunos diseños preaprobados, la otra, permitirles buscar su propiedad para ver qué es realmente factible en su lote”.

La ciudad invitó a los arquitectos a presentar sus diseños de ADU y, de 165 presentaciones, un jurado seleccionó los 10 planos que obtendrían la preaprobación del departamento de construcción. En los cinco años transcurridos desde entonces, agrega Welch, “se otorgaron unos 350 permisos para los diseños preaprobados”, o alrededor del 10 por ciento de todas las ADU aprobadas en ese momento; la ciudad ahora permite un promedio de unas 900 ADU nuevas por año.

“Por un lado, es un número muy pequeño para una ciudad y un condado con una escasez de cientos de miles de unidades, por lo que creo que es importante dimensionar las expectativas”, agrega Welch. “Es un número muy pequeño e incremental. Pero también son cientos de unidades nuevas en las que ahora viven personas”.

El uso de un plano preaprobado acelera el proceso de revisión en gran medida, indica Welch. “Si las características no son complejas, como estar en una pendiente muy empinada o tener que quitar un árbol gigantesco o algo así, entonces el permiso se obtiene en dos a seis semanas, en lugar de tres o cuatro meses”.

ADU preaprobados en Oregón

Más allá de crear viviendas discretas de alta densidad, las ADU son, casi por definición, pequeñas y, por lo tanto, inherentemente más asequibles que la mayoría de las viviendas unifamiliares nuevas, que promediaron 223,5 metros cuadrados en el tercer trimestre de 2025.

En Oregón, el Proyecto de Densificación Residencial (Residential Infill Project) de Portland produjo más de 1.400 nuevos permisos para ADU y viviendas intermedias faltantes en barrios unifamiliares, que representan casi la mitad de todo el desarrollo nuevo en la ciudad desde 2022 hasta 2024, incluso mientras otros tipos de construcciones se rezagaban.

Pero el programa también limitó el coeficiente de edificabilidad del suelo (FAR, por sus siglas en inglés) y, como resultado, “el motivo económico para los desarrolladores pasó de construir las unidades más grandes posibles a construir la mayor cantidad de unidades posibles”, según un informe de progreso de 2025.

Esta iniciativa demostró una mejora en la capacidad de pago. En 2023 y 2024, los precios de venta de las nuevas viviendas intermedias faltantes promediaron entre USD 250.000 y USD 300.000 menos que las nuevas casas unifamiliares en los mismos barrios de Portland, en gran parte, debido a los tamaños más pequeños.

ADU preaprobados en Louisville, Kentucky

AARP publicó su primer modelo de ordenanza ADU hace más de dos décadas. Desde entonces, la organización ayudó a varias ciudades, incluida Louisville, Kentucky, a volver a legalizar las ADU a nivel local y ayudó a las comunidades a celebrar concursos de diseño para crear planes arquitectónicos gratuitos para uso de los residentes.

Louisville invitó a los arquitectos a presentar sus diseños y luego preaprobó y compró los derechos de tres planos de ADU, que ofrece de forma gratuita a los residentes de Louisville.

Rodney Harrell, de AARP, comenta que las ADU pueden mejorar la libertad de las personas mayores al darles más y mejores opciones en los lugares donde ya viven. “Lo que me encanta es que es una solución que brinda más opciones a las personas que quieren estar en las comunidades donde mejor se sienten”, explica.

“Hablo con muchas personas que están estancadas”, agrega Harrell. “Tienen una casa y quizás, en algún momento, fue la casa de sus sueños, pero ahora se convirtió en una pesadilla. Tienen demasiadas escaleras. Tal vez es demasiado grande y su cónyuge falleció, y ya no puede afrontar los gastos”.

Una persona mayor que ya no puede usar las escaleras de su casa puede permanecer en la comunidad que ama al construir una ADU totalmente asequible y de diseño universal en el patio trasero, explica, y alquilar la casa principal. “Eso le da más libertad”, indica. “Si quiere quedarse en su casa principal y que un cuidador se quede en la ADU, eso también le da más libertad. O tal vez solo necesita un poco de dinero que le permita quedarse en su casa, y podría alquilar la ADU para cubrir los gastos de permanecer en la casa principal”.

Y en otros lugares

En Seattle, Welch comenta que los esfuerzos de la ciudad para legalizar las ADU en barrios unifamiliares ayudaron a allanar el camino para más viviendas intermedias (dúplex, tríplex y cuádruples). “El cielo no se desplomó, por lo tanto, los legisladores estatales se sintieron respaldados y con mayor capacidad de acción”, agrega.

Muchas otras ciudades y estados de los EUA y Canadá también están adoptando las ADU y ofrecen planes de diseño, orientación y “catálogos de ADU” para los residentes interesados en construir una.

A(lready) D(esigned for) U

By Jon Gorey, Febrero 3, 2026

We have a severe affordable housing shortage in the United States — an urgent need for millions of additional homes. But exacerbating that housing shortage is a housing mismatch.

In much of the US, existing residential neighborhoods — the places where people already like to live, near their jobs, friends, and family members, and that are already served by utilities, transit, and other infrastructure — are overwhelmingly, and often exclusively, composed of single-family homes. While a four-bedroom Colonial can make good sense for a high-income family of five, it shouldn’t be the only housing option available in a community, given the kaleidoscopic variety of humanity and its households, from aging seniors to young adults to single parents.

“We’re going to have more people over the age of 65 than under 18 in the next decade,” says Rodney Harrell, AARP’s vice president of family, home, and community. The organization has a long history of advocating for better housing conditions and options for seniors. “People want to be near grocery stores, parks, libraries, transportation options — things that make them feel connected. But one of the challenges is that people want to stay in their existing neighborhoods, and there aren’t enough options there.”

Adding new housing options to existing communities, however, routinely elicits complaints about changes to the “neighborhood character.” This loaded phrase can contain exclusionary attitudes and bad-faith arguments within its ample ambiguity, but it can also be a response to dubious development decisions. A homeowner in a neighborhood of century-old Craftsman bungalows may understandably be put off by the idea of a sleek new seven-story steel and concrete building on the corner.

Therein lies the appeal of the humble accessory dwelling unit, or ADU — more colloquially known as an in-law apartment, carriage house, secondary suite, or casita, among other aliases. By converting a garage, attic, or basement to a separate apartment, or adding a small, detached cottage to a backyard, homeowners can create an extra space for family members or a small rental property that helps generate income. At the same time, they help increase the supply of affordable and accessible housing options in their neighborhood — without a dramatic impact to the local aesthetic. And making it easier for homeowners to do that can help communities everywhere address the local and national housing crunch.

Over the past decade, many cities and some states have relaxed decades-old restrictions on ADUs. California, for example, legalized ADUs on all single-family lots in 2017; a few years later, the nearly 27,000 ADUs permitted statewide in 2023 represented a 20-fold increase over 2016, and comprised more than 20 percent of all new housing permitted. In 2024, Los Angeles alone granted permits for more than 6,000 ADUs.

That’s not enough to singlehandedly solve California’s housing crisis — no one step is. But it’s certainly one piece of the puzzle, and a solution that many communities can get behind.

Still, making it legal to build an ADU at all is just the first hurdle. Making it easier for someone to accomplish is the next step — one that cities can assist in by removing unnecessary barriers.

For example, to encourage and accelerate the adoption of ADUs, many cities across the US and Canada have begun offering residents access to preapproved design plans for detached ADUs — complete technical schematics that have already been reviewed by building officials.

“The system can be a little bit stacked against the local homeowner who wants to be able to do this,” Harrell says. Between site reviews, utility plans, and architectural approvals, “there are so many things that you have to go through that you’re doing for the first time,” he adds. “Having these preapproved designs takes away one of those barriers. It says, ‘You don’t have to be a designer, or have enough money to hire one. Here are some designs that can work.’”

Preapproved ADU Plans in California

Los Angeles offers residents a growing catalog of preapproved ADU plans, including a standard one-bedroom architectural plan commissioned by the city, called the YOU-ADU (pictured), that any resident of Los Angeles can use for free.

Dozens of other plans are also preapproved, but require a modest licensing fee paid to their respective architects, most of whom can also be hired for site-specific consultations.

While a preapproved ADU plan already meets certain city codes (e.g. building, fire, and energy regulations), and thus can advance through the plan-check and permitting process more quickly than a custom design, it doesn’t mean a homeowner can just plop one in their backyard with no questions asked. There are still site-specific approvals required, such as land use or stormwater reviews.

But using a preapproved plan can shave weeks or even months off the process, and offers predictability for both homeowners and local officials. The efficiency of a standard design can also create cost savings.

“Custom plans not only take more time and money to design, they’re much more complex to deliver in the field,” says Whitney Hill, co-founder and chief executive of SnapADU in Southern California, whose standard design plans have been selected for preapproval in multiple cities around San Diego.

All of that drives up prices, she adds, noting that a fully custom ADU typically costs $30,000 to $50,000 more to build than a standard one of the same size and bed-and-bath count. “On the other hand, plans that we have built before have already been vetted for real-world constraints; we know we can build them efficiently.”

Hill says that faster permitting times on standard designs can also translate to lower costs. “Building an ADU in 12 months versus 18 months is far more economical from an overhead cost perspective for us,” she says. “We share that savings with the homeowner.”

Even when using a preapproved plan, homeowners should still be prepared for site-specific costs and work, she notes. “It’s critical to understand your site’s topography, existing utility locations, and existing utility loads,” she says. Some projects may require water service upgrades to accommodate an additional bathroom, for example, or an upgraded electrical panel—both of which can be costly.

But one of the biggest benefits to using a standard design, Hill says, is the predictability. “Build costs for an existing floor plan are available before you even kick off your own project,” Hill says, “[which] is great for homeowners who are trying to stick to a specific budget.”

Seattle’s ADUniverse

While Washington State recently passed legislation requiring cities to allow four homes on all residential lots (and six units near transit), Seattle began embracing ADUs over a decade ago, loosening some local restrictions that stood in the way of their adoption, such as minimum lot sizes. “That was an important first step, and a viable one, because land use regulations are what the city most directly controls,” says Nicolas Welch, senior planner in Seattle’s Office of Planning and Community Development.

Still, most homeowners have little if any experience with housing development, so the idea of hiring an architect and applying for permits to build a backyard cottage can feel overwhelming — even before the considerable cost involved. Seattle soon decided it should do more than simply improve its regulations, and developed a resource-rich website called ADUniverse.

“The site was meant to provide all the resources that a homeowner might need in one place with better, clearer information for folks who are basically trying to take on development for the first time without a background in it,” Welch says. “Offering some preapproved designs was one component of that, as well as letting them look up their property to see what’s actually feasible on their lot.”

The city invited architects to submit their ADU designs and then had a jury select 10 plans — out of about 150 submissions — to get preapproved by the building department. In the five years since, Welch says, “Some 350 permits have been issued for the preapproved designs,” or roughly 10 percent of all ADUs approved in that time; the city now permits an average of about 900 new ADUs per year.

“On the one hand, it’s a very small number in a city and county that has a shortage of hundreds of thousands of units, so I do think it’s important to right-size the expectations,” Welch says. “It’s very small and incremental. But it’s also hundreds of units that now exist, and that people are living in.”

Using a preapproved plan noticeably speeds up the early permitting process, Welch says: “If you don’t have something weird going on, like you’re on a very steep slope or you’re removing a gigantic tree or something, then you’ll get your permit in two to six weeks, rather than three or four months.”

While celebrating Washington’s statewide dissolution of single-family exclusive zoning, Seattle’s Director of Planning and Community Development, Rico Quirindongo, acknowledges that such a sea change in policy can also hasten gentrification pressure by opening up a new market.

“The challenge of gentrification in cities — and Seattle is no exception — is that an upzone happens, property values go up, property taxes go up, and then low- and middle-income families do not see the benefit of the upzone, they only feel the burden,” Quirindongo explains. “An opportunistic developer says, ‘I can buy you out for 10 percent over asking, and then you don’t have to worry about this anymore, you can go live somewhere else.’ That is how we have seen the Central District, a traditionally African American community here in Seattle, go from 75 percent Black families to 10 percent Black families over the last 20 to 25 years,” he says.

Easing the process, and cost, of building an ADU provides an “opportunity for homeowners to be a part of the development opportunity, where they’re building generational wealth,” he says. Whether a homeowner uses an ADU to generate long-term rental income or to house an aging relative or grown children, it can help them stay in their neighborhood and share in the benefits of local growth. “They are building a multi-generational campus that is their house and property. And you’re creating infill, missing middle housing, that is consistent with the context and feel of historic neighborhoods.”

Still, even if future rental income from an ADU might offset the cost of a construction or home equity loan, building one typically requires significant upfront investment. So Quirindongo helped devise a unique pilot program intended to open up the opportunity to more lower-income residents. Here’s how it works:

1. Selected homeowners (the pilot will begin with 10 parcels) will enter a partnership with the city and a developer, who will take out a 12-year ground lease on a portion of the homeowner’s lot.
2. In the first two years, the developer builds two detached ADUs in the homeowner’s backyard, at no cost to the homeowner.
3. The developer then rents out and manages both ADUs for 10 years. The developer keeps about half of the rental income, while the other half is split: a portion provides monthly revenue to the homeowner, while the rest is deposited in a set-aside account.
4. At the end of 10 years, the ground lease expires, and there’s enough money in that account to buy out the developer’s remaining interest and make them whole, so the homeowner ends up with two ADUs on their property, which they can continue to rent out or convey with the property should they sell their home. “Over that period of time, the homeowner builds up enough money in that account to buy out the partner, so they own those units outright after that 12-year period,” Quirindongo explains.

Preapproved ADU Plans in Oregon

Beyond creating unobtrusive infill housing, ADUs are, almost by definition, small — and thus inherently more affordable than most new single-family homes, which averaged 2,405 square feet in the third quarter of 2025.
In Oregon, Portland’s Residential Infill Project has yielded more than 1,400 new permits for ADUs and missing middle housing in single-family neighborhoods, comprising almost half of new development in the city from 2022-2024, even as other construction lagged. But as importantly, the project capped building sizes in an effort to encourage more small homes instead of fewer large houses — and that has demonstrably improved affordability. In 2023 and 2024, sale prices of new missing middle homes averaged $250,000 to $300,00 less than new single-family houses in the same Portland neighborhoods, largely due to their smaller sizes.

In a heartening example of municipal collaboration, Portland was able to borrow and tweak a preapproved plan from the city of Eugene, Oregon—the Joel, shown here—to offer its own residents a set of similar preapproved ADU plans.

Preapproved ADUs in Louisville, Kentucky

AARP published its first model ADU ordinance over two decades ago. Since then, the organization has helped a number of cities, including Louisville, Kentucky, to re-legalize ADUs by right locally, and helped communities hold contests to create free architectural plans for residents.

Louisville invited architects to submit their designs, and then purchased the rights to three preapproved ADU plans, which it offers for free to all residents.

Rodney Harrell, of AARP, says ADUs can enhance freedom for seniors by giving them more and better options in the places they already live. “What I love is that it’s a solution that gives more options to people who want to be in the communities that work best for them,” he says.

“I’ve talked to so many people who are stuck,” Harrell says. “They’ve got a house, and at some point it may have been their dream home, but now it’s become a nightmare. They’ve got too many stairs. Maybe it’s too big and their spouse passed, and they can’t afford it anymore.”

A senior who can no longer manage the stairs in their house can stay in the community they love by building a fully accessible, universally designed ADU in their backyard, he explains, and renting out the main house. “That gives you more freedom,” he says. “If you want to stay in your main house and have a caregiver stay in the ADU, that also gives you more freedom. Or maybe you just need a little bit of money to be able to afford to stay in your house, and maybe you’re able to rent out the ADU and stay in your main house.”

And Beyond

In Seattle, Welch says the city’s efforts to legalize ADUs in single-family neighborhoods helped pave the way for more middle housing (duplexes, triplexes, and fourplexes). “The sky didn’t fall, and so then state legislators felt more emboldened and empowered,” he says.

Many other cities and states across the US and Canada are now embracing ADUs as well, and providing design plans, guidance, and “ADU lookbooks” for residents interested in building one. Here’s a look at just a few preapproved designs offered in cities around North America.

There are dozens more examples across the country, and many cities continue to add new designs to their lists of approved plans. It’s merely one step in the right direction—but it’s a step nonetheless.

“People can be scared of things that are different,” AARP’s Harrell says. “But one thing that always gets me is that the ADU is really an old form of housing in a lot of the country. It’s just that we’re re-legalizing it. We’re making it able to be built again, and up to standards and codes of the modern day. So we shouldn’t put unnecessary barriers in place.”

Building Vibrant Communities: Municipal Government Workers Get a Boost

November 4, 2025

By Anthony Flint, November 4, 2025

 

It’s a tough time to be working in government right now—long hours, modest pay, and lots of tumult in the body politic.

While this is especially true at the moment for employees in the federal government, a new program offered by Claremont Lincoln University and the Lincoln Institute of Land Policy aims to give public employees in municipal government a boost.

Over the last year, 150 planners, community development specialists, and other professionals in municipal government have participated in the Lincoln Vibrant Communities fellowship, a 24-week curriculum combining in-person and online education, expert coaching, and advanced leadership training.

The idea is to build capacity at the local level so those professionals can have greater impact in the communities they serve, on everything from affordable housing to greenspace preservation and revitalizing Main Streets, said Stephanie Varnon-Hughes, executive dean of academic affairs at Claremont Lincoln University.

“All of us can Google or go to seminars or read texts or access knowledge on our own, but this program is about the transformative, transferable leadership skills it takes for you to use that knowledge and use that technical experience to facilitate endeavors to bring about the change that you need in your community,” she said on the latest episode of the Land Matters podcast.

“These leadership skills can be measured and modeled and sustained. We can surround you with the abilities and the resources to change the way that you move through the world and collaborate with other people working on similar issues for long-term success,” she said.

Lincoln Vibrant Communities fellows can use the training to implement some of the ideas and policy recommendations that the Lincoln Institute has developed, like setting up a community land trust (CLT) for permanently affordable housing, said Lincoln Institute President and CEO George W. “Mac” McCarthy, who joined Varnon-Hughes on the show.

“They’re the ones who find a way to find the answers in land and to manifest those answers to actually address the challenges we care about,” he said. “It’s this cadre of community problem solvers that are now all connected and networked together all across the country.”

The support is critical right now, McCarthy said, given estimates of a shortage of a half-million government workers, and amid a flurry of retirements from veteran public employees who tend to take a lot of institutional memory with them.

The Lincoln Institute has a long tradition of supporting local government, beginning in earnest in 1974, when David C. Lincoln, son of founder John C. Lincoln, established the Lincoln Institute as a stand-alone entity emerging from the original Lincoln Foundation. The organization made its mark developing computer-assisted assessment tools to help in the administration of property tax systems, and has since supported city planners, land conservation advocates, and public finance professionals experimenting with innovations such as the land value tax.

In the later stages of his philanthropic career, David Lincoln established a new model for university education, Claremont Lincoln University, a fully accredited non-profit institution offering a Bachelor of Arts in Organizational Leadership, as well as master’s degrees and graduate certificates. The guiding mission is to bridge theory and practice to mobilize leaders in the public sector.

Municipal employees engage in the Lincoln Vibrant Communities fellowship for about a six-month program in advanced leadership training and expert coaching, either as individuals or as part of teams working on projects in cities and towns and regions across the US.

McCarthy and Varnon-Hughes joined the Land Matters podcast after returning from Denver last month for a leadership summit where some of the first graduates of the program had an opportunity to share experiences and celebrate some of the first graduates of the program. Denver Mayor Mike Johnston joined the group, underscoring how technical expertise will be much needed as the city launches complex projects, such as building affordable housing on publicly owned land.

More information about Claremont Lincoln University and the Lincoln Vibrant Communities fellowship program is available at https://www.claremontlincoln.edu.

Listen to the show here or subscribe to Land Matters on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, Stitcher, YouTube, or wherever you listen to podcasts.

 


Further Reading

Bridging Theory and Plastics | Land Lines

Lincoln Institute Invests $1 Million in Scholarships for Future Leaders | Land Lines 

Denver Land Trust Fights Displacement Whether It Owns the Land or Not | Shelterforce 

New Lincoln Institute Resources Explore How Community Land Trusts Make Housing More Affordable | Land Lines

Accelerating Community Investment: Bringing New Partners to the Community Investment Ecosystem | Cityscapes

  


Anthony Flint is a senior fellow at the Lincoln Institute of Land Policy, host of the Land Matters podcast, and a contributing editor of Land Lines. 

Curso

Solo Urbano e Justiça Espacial: Políticas e Instrumentos de Financiamento do Desenvolvimento Urbano

Febrero 3, 2026 - Mayo 4, 2026

Ofrecido en portugués


O curso “Solo Urbano e Justiça Espacial: Políticas e Instrumentos de Financiamento do Desenvolvimento Urbano” oferece um ciclo de quatro módulos voltados para a gestão urbana. Seu objetivo é disseminar conhecimentos sobre a formulação de políticas públicas que considerem os diferentes agentes envolvidos, os instrumentos disponíveis e a eficácia de sua aplicação no enfrentamento de desafios emergentes nas cidades e na viabilização do financiamento do desenvolvimento urbano.   

A estrutura do curso articula a disseminação de conhecimento com a capacitação prática na formulação e implementação de políticas urbanas. As atividades serão realizadas por meio de sessões on-line síncronas e incluirão um seminário presencial opcional em Curitiba, nos dias 16 e 17 de abril de 2026. O curso será oferecido em português. 

Veja folheto do curso.


Detalles

Fecha(s)
Febrero 3, 2026 - Mayo 4, 2026
Fecha límite para postular
December 7, 2025 at 11:59 PM
Idioma
portugués
Enlaces relacionados
Descargas

Palabras clave

finanzas públicas, desarrollo urbano

Coming to Terms with Density: An Urban Planning Concept in the Spotlight 

September 15, 2025

By Anthony Flint, September 15, 2025
 

It’s an urban planning concept that sounds extra wonky, but it is critical in any discussion of affordable housing, land use, and real estate development: density.

In this episode of the Land Matters podcast, two practitioners in architecture and urban design shed some light on what density is all about, on the ground, in cities and towns trying to add more housing supply. 

The occasion is the revival of a Lincoln Institute resource called Visualizing Density, which was pushed live this month at lincolninst.edu after extensive renovations and updates. It’s a visual guide to density based on a library of aerial images of buildings, blocks, and neighborhoods taken by photographer Alex Maclean, originally published (and still available) as a book by Julie Campoli. 

It’s a very timely clearinghouse, as communities across the country work to address affordable housing, primarily by reforming zoning and land use regulations to allow more multifamily housing development—generally less pricey than the detached single-family homes that have dominated the landscape. 

Residential density is understood to be the number of homes within a defined area of land, in the US most often expressed as dwelling units per acre. A typical suburban single-family subdivision might be just two units per acre; a more urban neighborhood, like Boston’s Back Bay, has a density of about 60 units per acre. 

Demographic trends suggest that future homeowners and renters will prefer greater density in the form of multifamily housing and mixed-use development, said David Dixon, a vice president at Stantec, a global professional services firm providing sustainable engineering, architecture, and environmental consulting services. Over the next 20 years, the vast majority of households will continue to be professionals without kids, he said, and will not be interested in big detached single-family homes.  

Instead they seek “places to walk to, places to find amenity, places to run into friends, places to enjoy community,” he said. “The number one correlation that you find for folks under the age of 35, which is when most of us move for a job, is not wanting to be auto-dependent. They are flocking to the same mixed-use, walkable, higher-density, amenitized, community-rich places that the housing market wants to build … Demand and imperative have come together. It’s a perfect storm to support density going forward.” 

Tensions often arise, however, when new, higher density is proposed for existing neighborhoods, on vacant lots or other redevelopment sites. Tim Love, principal and founder of the architecture firm Utile, and a professor at Harvard University’s Graduate School of Design, said he’s seen the wariness from established residents as he helps cities and towns comply with the MBTA Communities Act, a Massachusetts state law that requires districts near transit stations with an allowable density of 15 units per acre. 

Some towns have rebelled against the law, which is one of several state zoning reform initiatives across the US designed to increase housing supply, ultimately to help bring prices down. 

Many neighbors are skeptical because they associate multifamily density with large apartment buildings of 100 or 200 units, Love said. But most don’t realize there is an array of so-called “gentle density” development opportunities for buildings of 12 to 20 units, that have the potential to blend in more seamlessly with many streetscapes. 

“If we look at the logic of the real estate market, discovering over the last 15, 20 years that the corridor-accessed apartment building at 120 and 200 units-plus optimizes the building code to maximize returns, there is a smaller ‘missing middle’ type that I’ve become maybe a little bit obsessed about, which is the 12-unit single-stair building,” said Love, who conducted a geospatial analysis that revealed 5,000 sites in the Boston area that were perfect for a 12-unit building. 

“Five thousand times twelve is a lot of housing,” Love said. “If we came up with 5,000 sites within walking distance of a transit stop, that’s a pretty good story to get out and a good place to start.” 

Another dilemma of density is that while big increases in multifamily housing supply theoretically should have a downward impact on prices, many individual dense development projects in hot housing markets are often quite expensive. Dixon, who is currently writing a book about density and Main Streets, said the way to combat gentrification associated with density is to require a portion of units to be affordable, and to capture increases in the value of urban land to create more affordability. 

“If we have policies in place so that value doesn’t all go to the [owners of the] underlying land and we can tap those premiums, that is a way to finance affordable housing,” he said. “In other words, when we use density to create places that are more valuable because they can be walkable, mixed-use, lively, community-rich, amenitized, all these good things, we … owe it to ourselves to tap some of that value to create affordability so that everybody can live there.” 

Visualizing Density can be found at the Lincoln Institute website at https://www.lincolninst.edu/data/visualizing-density/. 

Listen to the show here or subscribe to Land Matters on  Apple Podcasts, Spotify,  Stitcher, YouTube, or wherever you listen to podcasts.

 


Further reading 

Visualizing Density | Lincoln Institute

What Does 15 Units Per Acre Look Like? A StoryMap Exploring Street-Level Density | Land Lines

Why We Need Walkable Density for Cities to Thrive | Public Square

The Density Conundrum: Bringing the 15-Minute City to Texas | Urban Land

The Density Dilemma: Appeal and Obstacles for Compact and Transit Oriented Development | Anthony Flint

 


Anthony Flint is a senior fellow at the Lincoln Institute of Land Policy, host of the Land Matters podcast, and a contributing editor of Land Lines. 

Exploratory Scenario Planning for Climate Mobility

Registration Deadline: November 25, 2025 at 11:59 PM

The Lincoln Institute’s Consortium for Scenario Planning is seeking proposals for community-based exploratory scenario planning (XSP) workshops that address the urgent challenge of climate mobility—the movement of people driven by climate-related risks such as flooding, wildfires, droughts, and storms. These XSP workshops will build the capacity of local decision-makers, practitioners, and community members; help communities develop a futures mindset; and demonstrate how scenario planning can be used to bring people together to discuss climate mobility and other social, environmental, and economic issues affecting their communities.   

Through this initiative, three projects will each receive $15,000 in funding to design and deliver workshops that bring together diverse community stakeholders to explore futures and identify strategies for resilience across different scenarios.  

The deadline to submit a proposal is November 25, 2025. 


Detalles

Registration Deadline
November 25, 2025 at 11:59 PM

Palabras clave

urbano

Oportunidades de becas de posgrado

2025–2026 Programa de becas para el máster UNED-Instituto Lincoln

Registration Deadline: October 10, 2025 at 11:59 PM

El Instituto Lincoln de Políticas de Suelo y la Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED) ofrecen el máster en Políticas de Suelo y Desarrollo Urbano Sostenible, un programa académico online en español que reúne de manera única los marcos legales y herramientas que sostienen la planificación urbana, junto con instrumentos fiscales, ambientales y de participación, desde una perspectiva internacional y comparada.

El máster está dirigido especialmente a estudiantes de posgrado y otros graduados con interés en políticas urbanas desde una perspectiva jurídica, ambiental y de procesos de participación, así como a funcionarios públicos. Los participantes del programa recibirán el entrenamiento teórico y técnico para liderar la implementación de medidas que permitan la transformación sostenible de las ciudades.

Plazo de matrícula ordinario: del 8 de septiembre al 28 de noviembre de 2025

El inicio del máster es en enero de 2026.  La fecha exacta se anunciará antes del 28 de noviembre de 2025.

El Instituto Lincoln otorgará becas que cubrirán parcialmente el costo del máster de los postulantes seleccionados.

Términos de las becas: 

  • Los becarios deben haber obtenido un título de licenciatura de una institución académica o de estudios superiores. 
  • Los fondos de las becas no tienen valor en efectivo y solo cubrirán el 40 % del costo total del programa. 
  • Los becarios deben pagar la primera cuota de la matrícula, que representa el 60 % del costo total del máster. 
  • Los becarios deben mantener una buena posición académica o perderán el beneficio. 

El otorgamiento de la beca dependerá de la admisión formal del postulante al máster UNED-Instituto Lincoln. 

Si son seleccionados, los becarios recibirán asistencia virtual para realizar el proceso de admisión de la Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), el cual requiere una solicitud online y una copia del expediente académico o registro de calificaciones de licenciatura y/o posgrado. 

Aquellos postulantes que no obtengan la beca parcial del Instituto Lincoln podrán optar a las ayudas que ofrece la UNED, una vez que se hayan matriculado en el máster. 

Fecha límite para postular: 10 de octubre de 2025, 23:59 horas de Boston, MA, EUA (UTC-5) 

Anuncio de resultados: 22 de octubre 2025 


Detalles

Registration Deadline
October 10, 2025 at 11:59 PM

Palabras clave

mitigación climática, desarrollo, resolución de conflictos, gestión ambiental, zonificación excluyente, Favela, Henry George, mercados informales de suelo, infraestructura, regulación del mercado de suelo, especulación del suelo, uso de suelo, planificación de uso de suelo, valor del suelo, tributación del valor del suelo, impuesto a base de suelo, gobierno local, mediación, salud fiscal municipal, planificación, tributación inmobilaria, finanzas públicas, políticas públicas, regímenes regulatorios, resiliencia, reutilización de suelo urbano, desarrollo urbano, urbanismo, recuperación de plusvalías

Oportunidades de becas

International Research for the Study of China’s Urban Development and Land Policy 2026-27

Registration Deadline: November 1, 2025 at 11:59 PM

The Lincoln Institute of Land Policy’s Program on the People’s Republic of China invites applications for the annual International Research for the Study of China’s Urban Development and Land Policy Program. We seek applications from academic researchers working on the following topics in China: 

  • Land use, carbon neutrality, and spatial planning and governance; 
  • Urban regeneration; 
  • Municipal finance and land value capture; 
  • Impacts of New Urbanism; 
  • Land policies; 
  • Housing policies; 
  • Urban environment and public health; and 
  • Land and water conservation. 

 The program aims to promote international scholarly dialogue on China’s urban development and land policy, and to further the Lincoln Institute’s objective to advance land policy solutions to economic, social, and environmental challenges. The award is for scholars who are based outside of mainland China. In 2025, three individuals received funding for their research.  

Visit the website of the Peking University–Lincoln Institute Center for Urban Development and Land Policy (Beijing) to learn about a separate fellowship for scholars based in mainland China. 


Detalles

Registration Deadline
November 1, 2025 at 11:59 PM

Palabras clave

desarrollo urbano