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Territorial Cohesion and the European Model of Society
Março 2007, inglês
Lincoln Institute of Land Policy
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In this book, based on papers first presented in Vienna in the summer of 2005, the authors take up territorial cohesion as a kind of successor concept to the European Spatial Development Perspective discussed in the Lincoln Institute’s previous volume, European Spatial Planning (2002), also edited by Andreas Faludi. The question posed here is whether there are lessons for U.S. planners to be found in the European experience, and, more tentatively, whether it is possible to reflect back to Europe any useful insights based on an American view of the world.
The title indicates that fundamental ideas about Europe, with its distinct “model of society,” lie behind the concept of territorial cohesion, which can be understood as a goal of spatial equity that tends to favor development-in-place over selective migration to locations of greater opportunity. This approach contrasts with an American social model that views the equity principle behind territorial cohesion to be diametrically opposed to the efficiency principle based on free mobility of labor. The European model is a strategy based on “need” rather than “potential,” as one conference participant noted. A willingness to make this trade-off between potentially higher productivity and a particularly rooted conception of place is indicative of the difference between the two models of society.
Apart from the obvious legal, political, social, and cultural differences between the United States and the European Union, it is often noted that the EU contains a population 50 percent larger than that of the United States within less than half the land area, yielding a population density of almost 300 per square mile versus only about 85 per square mile in the United States. Yet the more urbanized parts of the United States are beginning to approach European densities. The 14-state Northeast megaregion, for example, with approximately 52 million people in 188,380 square miles, weighs in at more than 275 people per square mile. This trend suggests that at least physical planning around infrastructure, especially high-speed rail, could be informed by European precedents.
The hope is that this second publication in the series will provide new inspiration based on further understanding of the relationship of territorial cohesion to the European model of society and its possible applications across the Atlantic Ocean.
About the Editor
Andreas Faludi is a professor at the OTB Research Institute for Housing, Urban and Mobility Studies at the Delft University of Technology.
Reviews
“It provides rare insight into the complexity of conceiving new political and policy concerns and allows readers to see how complicated and uncertain such processes can be.”
— Appeared in Journal of Planning Education and Research
“The book is of significant added-value to European spatial planning scholarship in that it is the first to gather authoritative contributions on the concept of territorial cohesion from the leading researchers in the field. It is essential reading for any researcher working in European policy studies, European spatial planning or for geographers interested in issues of spatial justice at a transnational scale.”
— Appeared in Built Environment
“For U.S. readers it may…offer an alternative way of thinking about spatial policy in the context of market-driven development. But for a European reader it is equally (perhaps more) clearly a statement about the direction that spatial policy in Europe should be taking. That’s what makes it such a fascinating book.”
— Appeared in Journal of Regional Science
Table of Contents
1. The European Model of Society, Andreas Faludi
2. The Origins of Territorial Cohesion and the Vagaries of Its Trajectory, Jacques Robert
3. Territorial Cohesion: The Underlying Discourses, Bas Waterhout
4. Territorial Cohesion and the European Model of Society: French Perspectives, Jean Peyrony
5. Territorial Cohesion, the European Social Model, and Spatial Policy Research, Simin Davoudi
6. Delivering Territorial Cohesion: European Cohesion Policy and the European Model of Society, John Bachtler and Laura Polverari
7. Territorial Development Policies in the European Model of Society, Roberto Camagni
8. Chasing a Moving Target: Territorial Cohesion Policy in a Europe with Uncertain Borders, Jean-François Drevet
9. The Vienna-Bratislava-Györ Triangle: The European Model of Society in Action, Gabriele Tatzberger
10. Unraveling Europe’s Spatial Structure Through Spatial Visioning, Wil Zonneveld